Quark-loader

О проекте

Криптовалюта Quark основана летом 2013 года разработчиком Max Guevara. Как базу для разработки он взял исходный код популярного Биткоина, усовершенствовал и лишил главных недостатков – преимущественно «пробелов» в безопасности. Защите валюты было уделено больше всего внимания. Для проекта Max Guevara выбрал кодирование транзакций при помощи шести полуавтономных алгоритмов и девяти «кругов» хэширования.

Такая сложная структура обеспечила стабильность и устойчивость к хакерским атакам. Благодаря ей система функционирует, даже если строя выходит один алгоритм шифрования.

Это сделало Quark лидером по безопасности среди электронных валют состоянием на 2013 год. Пользователи могут быстро и без проблем расплачиваться монетами за покупки, и переводить средства в любую точку земного шара за считанные секунды (что в двадцать раз быстрее, чем у «прародителя» крипты – Биткоина).

В 2013 году Quarkcoin на фоне растущей популярности занял четвертое место по рыночной стоимости среди функционирующих крипто-проектов. Блоки на тот момент генерировались в 20 раз быстрее, чем у BTC, что сделало Кварк легкой добычей для предприимчивых майнеров. Монеты добывались легко, а на некоторых ценовых скачках сотни пользователей преумножили свои капиталы в сотни раз.

После ошеломляющего успеха проекта ждал ошеломляющий провал. С 2014 года курс криптовалюты Quark застыл на отметке меньше цента, и этому показателю не суждено вырасти. Его можно не рассматривать как источник для инвестирования.

https://youtube.com/watch?v=MIXGt0kjmYM

Design and Digital

Quark mod 1.16.5/1.15.2/1.12.2

QuarkXPress

QuarkXPress is a page layout and graphic design software that lets anyone create and publish rich, compelling materials for print, the Web, e-readers, tablets, and other digital media using one easy tool. Its proven professional design features make QuarkXPress the must-have software for in-house, agency, and independent designers.

App Studio

App Studio is the leading cloud-based HTML5 solution that turns print into interactive award-winning tablet experiences. Using HTML5, App Studio translates content easily to the iPad and other tablets using the software you already know: QuarkXPress and InDesign. For large organizations, App Studio integrates fully with Quark Enterprise Solutions to automate the delivery of digital publications.

Why Quark?

Android malware analysis engine is not a new story. Every antivirus company has their own secrets to build it. With curiosity, we develop a malware scoring system from the perspective of Taiwan Criminal Law in an easy but solid way.

We have an order theory of criminal which explains stages of committing a crime. For example, crime of murder consists of five stages, they are determined, conspiracy, preparation, start and practice. The latter the stage the more we’re sure that the crime is practiced.

According to the above principle, . We developed five stages to see if the malicious activity is being practiced. They are 1. Permission requested. 2. Native API call. 3. Certain combination of native API. 4. Calling sequence of native API. 5. APIs that handle the same register. We not only define malicious activities and their stages but also develop weights and thresholds for calculating the threat level of a malware.

Malware evolved with new techniques to gain difficulties for reverse engineering. Obfuscation is one of the most commonly used techniques. In this talk, we present a Dalvik bytecode loader with the order theory of android malware to neglect certain cases of obfuscation.

Our Dalvik bytecode loader consists of functionalities such as 1. Finding cross reference and calling sequence of the native API. 2. Tracing the bytecode register. The combination of these functionalities (yes, the order theory) not only can neglect obfuscation but also match perfectly to the design of our malware scoring system.

Moved tweaks

• Angry Creepers: Creepers turn red before exploding. Moved to the Client module in version r1.3-106.
• Auto-jump Toggle Keybind: pressing B (per default) will toggle auto-jump. Moved to the Misc module in version r1.2-75.
• No Potion Shift: Status Effects will not cause the inventory to shift to the right. According to the official Quark website, this tweak is inspired by the No Potion Shift mod and has identical code. Moved to the Client module in version r1.3-106.
• Snow Golem Heads: named Snow Golems with a Pumpkin head will drop a head with the same name as theirs if killed by a Witch. Moved to the Misc module in version r1.2-75.
• Subtler Shields: Shields will take up less space on the screen. Moved to the Client module in version r1.3-106.
• Monster Note Blocks: Note Blocks with attached heads/skulls will play the sound they usually make. Moved to the Misc module in version r1.2-75.
• Greener Grass: grass is greener. Moved to the Client module in version r1.3-106.
• Endermites into Shulkers: Endermites can bury into Purpur, similar to Silverfish burying into Stone. When this happens, the Purpur will transform into a Shulker. Introduced in r1.1-61. Moved to the Misc module in version r1.2-75.
• Improved Mount HUD: on a mount (such as a Horse), the user’s food and experience will not be hidden. Introduced in r1.1-61. Moved to the Client module in version r1.3-106.
• Food Tooltip: foods will have their restoration value shown in their tool tip. Introduced in r1.1-61. Moved to the Client module in version r1.3-106.
• Texture Changes: several Minecraft textures are replaced by new textures: (Granite) is replaced by , (Andesite) is replaced by , (Diorite) is replaced by , (Bricks) are replaced by , (Glass) is replaced by , (Pumpkin) is replaced by and is replaced by as of version r1.2-78. Introduced in r1.2-67. Moved to the Client module in version r1.3-106.
• Map Tooltip: hovering the mouse over a Map in the inventory will display the map. Introduced in r1.2-75. Moved to the Client module in version r1.3-106.
• Better Shulker Box Tooltip: when being hovered over, Shulker Boxes will display its inventory. Introduced in r1.2-84. Moved to the Client module in version r1.3-106.
  Gab’s payday 2 mods

  A White Shulker Box’s tooltip displays its inventory contents, utilizing the Better Shulker Box Tooltip Tweak.

• Visual Stat Display: the tooltips of armor and tools that show statistics (like protection) are replaced with a visual representation of those statistics. Introduced in r1.2-88. Moved to the Client module in version r1.3-106.
• Random Animal Textures: adds various new Vanilla animal textures for Pigs, Cows, Chickens and Chicks. Introduced in r1.2-93. Moved to the Client module in version r1.3-106.

  Various retextured animals.

The Tweaks

• Safe Mounts: players riding cannot attack animals that they are currently mounted on.
• Chicken Shedding: Chickens will drop Feathers like they drop Eggs.
• Chicken Shearing: Chickens can be sheared. They will be inflicted with one damage and drop one Feather.
• Sheep Armor: Sheep gain 1 armor point when they have Wool.
• Glass Shards: adds Glass Shards.
• Ladder Drop Down: right-clicking a Ladder with another Ladder will place it under the first Ladder.
• Ladder Sliding: facing down will make the user of a Ladder go down faster.
• Slabs to Blocks: slabs can be converted to blocks.

Shaped Crafting

Stairs to Blocks: stairs can be converted to blocks.

Shaped Crafting

• Proper Stair Math: crafting stairs will yield 8 stairs instead of 4.
• Stackable Minecarts: Minecarts have a stack size of 16.
• Flint Tool Crafting: Stone Tools can be created with Flint.
• Clay Conversion: Clay blocks can be converted into Clay items.
• Minecart Block Placement: right-clicking a regular Minecart with a block will put the block into the Minecraft and convert into a specialized Minecart if there is a specialized Minecart of that type (like a Minecart with Furnace).
• Hoe Harvesting: breaking Grass or crops with a Hoe will break them in a 3× area, or a 5×5 area if using a Diamond Hoe.
• Shave Snow Layers: right-clicking Snow with a Shovel will remove one layer from the Snow. This costs one damage point to the shovel.
• Jump Boost Step Assist: Jump Boost II will cause Step Assist to activate.
• Knock on Doors: punching a Door will make a knocking noise.
• Effective Dragon’s Breath: using Dragon’s Breath in a brewing recipe will consume the Glass Bottle. This tweak is designed for easier automation.
• Armed Armor Stands: Armor Stands have arms per default.
• Burning Baby Zombies: Baby Zombies will burn in daylight.
• Sign Editing: right-clicking a Sign allows it to be edited.
• Enderman Anti-Cheese: when attacking an Enderman and hiding under a 2 block height, the attacker will be teleported to the Enderman.
• Burning Torches: Torches can be burned in a Furnace or other machines that use solid fuels for 400 ticks (2 items). Introduced in r1-0-60.
• Villagers follow Emerald Blocks: similar to Pigs and Carrots, Villagers will follow a player holding a Block of Emerald. Introduced in r1.2-75.
• Sponges dry in the Nether: when a Wet Sponge is placed in The Nether, it will be converted into a dried Sponge. Introduced in r1.2-82.
• Automatic Recipe Unlock: unlocks all recipes in the Recipe Book. Introduced in r1.2-94.
• Improved Sleeping: if a player doesn’t use their mouse or keyboard in-game for two minutes, they’ll be marked as AFK. In order for the night to pass, a certain configured percentage of players going to sleep is required; per default, this is 100%. AFK players are not counted towards that percentage. Introduced in r1.2-98.
• Axe Leaf Harvesting: Axes will break Leaves at the same speed as Shears, although they won’t drop the Leaves. Introduced in r1.3-106.
• Compasses Everywhere: Compasses will function in The Nether and The End. In the Nether, the Compass will point towards the portal where the player entered from, and in the End, the Compass will point to the End Portal. Introduced in r1.3-106.
• Blastproof Shulker Boxes: Shulker Boxes have their blast resistance increased to 2000, making them virtually unbreakable via explosion. Introduced in r1.3-112.
• Dye Any Wool: allows dyeing of colored Wool, and dyeing 8 Wool at once. Introduced in r1.3-112.
• Squid Inking: when attacked, Squids will shoot ink at the attacker, giving them Blindness. Introduced in r1.3-115.

Quark Enterprise Solutions

Quark Publishing Platform

Quark Publishing Platform is a broad-reaching customer communication solution that streamlines and automates the publishing process. The modules of Quark Publishing Platform work together to automatically enable the assembly of content for different audiences, and publication and media types, creating an end-to-end publishing workflow that speeds time-to-market, improves customer satisfaction and lowers costs.

Quark Author

Quark Author is a Web-based content creation software that, together with Quark Publishing Platform, enables business and IT leaders to streamline and automate high-value customer communications across every channel. The intuitive online authoring experience means subject matter experts – wherever they are – can rapidly create, preview, publish and reuse content.

Quark XML Author

Quark XML Author is an add-in to Microsoft Word that enables subject matter experts to create semantic and metadata-rich content that can be reused, repurposed, and published automatically to multiple media and device formats. Quark XML Author integrates directly into Quark Publishing Platform, as well as content management systems such as IBM FileNet Content Manager and Microsoft SharePoint.

Docurated

Docurated is the sales enablement platform that lets sales teams find, customize and share content, while empowering marketing to measure content effectiveness and revenue contribution. Guided selling — powered by AI — recommends the most effective content for each selling scenario.

QuarkCopyDesk

QuarkCopyDesk provides the ability to edit content without altering the layout. Using components designated as editable, authors can amend text, place photos, and precisely fit copy.

QuarkXPress Server

QuarkXPress Server fuses the graphic capabilities of QuarkXPress with server-based automation. It is easy to program, integrate and scale, and can automate manual processes.

Обзор майнинга Quark: кошельки, майнеры и пулы

Для майнинга Quark необходимо создать кошелек:

1. Для 32-разрядных версий Windows — https://github.com/quark-project/quark/releases/download/v10.6.1/quark-0.10.6.1-qt-win32.zip
2. Для 64-разрядных версий Windows — https://github.com/quark-project/quark/releases/download/v0.10.6.1/quark-0.10.6.1-qt-win64.zip
3. Для устройств под управлением MacOS — https://github.com/quark-project/quark/releases/download/v0.10.6.1/quark-0.10.6.1-qt-osx.dmg

Добычей этого типа криптовалюты занимаются следующие miner-программы:

• https://github.com/palmd/Cp3u
• https://github.com/Neisklar/quarkcoin-cpuminer
• https://github.com/prettyhatemachine/sph-sgminer

Также есть возможность заниматься майнингом соло.

Сервера-pool, которые настроены на добычу coin Quark:

• Mineblocks.ch
• Aikapool.com
• Mpool.me

А также биржи, которые производят обмен и вывод:

• Cryptopia
• Novaexchange
• Nlexch.com

Easy to Use and Reading Friendly Report

Quark is very easy to use and also provides flexible output formats. There are 6 types of output reports: detail report,
call graph, rules classification, summary report, label-based report, behaviors comparison radar chart. Please see below for more details.

Detail Report

This is how we examine a real android malware (candy corn) with one single rule (crime).

$ quark -a 14d9f1a92dd984d6040cc41ed06e273e.apk -d

and the report will look like:

There is the possibility to select only one label to filter the rules:

quark -a 14d9f1a92dd984d6040cc41ed06e273e.apk -d network

There is also the possibility to select only one rule:

quark -a 14d9f1a92dd984d6040cc41ed06e273e.apk -d 00058.json

Call Graph for Every Potential Malicious Activity

You can add the option to the quark command, and you can
get the call graph (only those rules match with 100% confidence)

quark -a Ahmyth.apk -s -g

Rules Classification

You can add the option to the quark command, and you can
output the rules classification with the mutual parent function (only those rules match with 100% confidence).

quark -a Ahmyth.apk -s -c

Summary Report

Examine with rules.

quark -a 14d9f1a92dd984d6040cc41ed06e273e.apk -s

There is the possibility to select only one label to filter the rules:

quark -a 14d9f1a92dd984d6040cc41ed06e273e.apk -s network

There is also the possibility to select only one rule:

quark -a 14d9f1a92dd984d6040cc41ed06e273e.apk -s <path_to_rule_folder>/00058.json

(If you want to select one of the rules of Quark-Rule, the default path to Quark-Rule is .)

Check which topic (indicated by labels) of the malware is more aggressive.

quark -a Ahmyth.apk -l detailed

Behaviors Comparison Radar Chart

With the following command, you can compare different APK actions based on the max confidence of rule labels and generate
a radar chart.

quark -a first.apk -a second.apk -C

Parallelizing Quark

Now Quark supports multiprocessing for analyzing APKs parallelly, by adding the option and set the number of processes. (the default is the number of CPUs in your computer.)

quark -a Ahmyth.apk -s --multi-process 4

Upcoming unstable feature

Now Quark also supports Rizin as one of our Android analysis frameworks. You can use option with to enable the Rizin-based analysis library.

quark -a Ahmyth.apk -s --core-library rizin

Usage

Add and to the development dependencies of your project.

# pubspec.yaml
dev_dependencies:
  quark: any
  test: any # To get access to the test runner executable

> pub get
# Run the tests with the usual test runner command
> pub run test

Unit Testing

// lib/greeter.dart

class Greeter {
  final Greeting greeting;

  Greeter(this.greeting);

  String greet(String name) {
    return '${greeting.phrase}, $name!';
  }
}

// An example of a collaborator that can be mocked
class Greeting {
  final String phrase;

  const Greeting(this.phrase);
}

// test/unit/greeter_test.dart
import 'package:quark/quark.dart';
export 'package:quark/init.dart';

import 'package:greeter/greeter.dart';

// Clean test double declaration inspired by Mockito
class GreetingDouble extends TestDouble implements Greeting {}

class GreeterTest extends UnitTest {
  @test itGreetsAPerson() {
    // Creation using test double
    final greeting = new GreetingDouble();
    final greeter = new Greeter(greeting);

    // The greeting will return "Yo"
    when(greeting.phrase).thenReturn('Yo');

    // Make the assertion
    expect(greeter.greet('buddy'), 'Yo, buddy!');

    // Verify that the phrase was fetched from the greeting.
    verify(greeting.phrase).wasCalled();
  }
}

Integration Testing with Gherkin Features!

# test/integration/welcome_on_home_screen.feature
Feature: Welcome message on the home screen

Scenario: Not logged in
  Given I'm not logged in
  When I visit the home page
  Then I expect to see "Hello, Guest!"

To write the implementations of feature steps, extend the class and
and annotate with the annotation.

// test/integration/welcome_on_home_screen_test.dart

// The TestOn annotation and browser.dart export enables
// reading features by relative URI.
@TestOn('browser')
export 'package:quark/browser.dart';

// There is also a vm implementation.
// @TestOn('vm')
// export 'package:quark/vm.dart';

import 'package:quark/quark.dart';
export 'package:quark/init.dart';

@Feature('welcome_on_home_screen.feature')
// The Gherkin can also be written inline and can then be run in both
// the browser and the vm.
// @Feature('''
//   Feature: ...
// ''')
class WelcomeMessageOnTheHomeScreenTest extends IntegrationTest {
  @Given("I'm not logged in")
  imNotLoggedIn() {}

  @When("I visit the home page")
  iVisitTheHomePage() {}

  @Then("I expect to see \"(.*?)\"")
  iExpectToSee(String message) {}
}

If there are steps in the feature that have no implementation in the test, the test runner
will print out snippets that can be copied into the test. Simple!

Install with DevStack and Neutron

• Ensure you have a user already with sudo rights. If you need one, do this as root:

  /usr/sbin/adduser stack
  echo "stack ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD: ALL" >> /etc/sudoers
  

• Switch to user with sudo rights:

  sudo su - stack  # or whatever user you already have (instead of stack)
  

• Clone devstack:

  git clone https://github.com/openstack-dev/devstack
  

• Go into devstack folder:

  cd devstack
  

• Create the local.conf configuration file that DevStack needs (localrc is inside it now) with Neutron as an anabled service (NOTE: This notation is explained here):

  ]
  DATABASE_PASSWORD=password
  ADMIN_PASSWORD=password
  SERVICE_PASSWORD=password
  SERVICE_TOKEN=password
  RABBIT_PASSWORD=password
  # Enable Logging
  LOGFILE=/opt/stack/logs/stack.sh.log
  VERBOSE=True
  LOG_COLOR=True
  SCREEN_LOGDIR=/opt/stack/logs
  # Pre-requisite
  ENABLED_SERVICES=rabbit,mysql,key
  # Horizon (always use the trunk)
  ENABLED_SERVICES+=,horizon
  HORIZON_REPO=https://github.com/openstack/horizon
  HORIZON_BRANCH=master
  # Nova
  ENABLED_SERVICES+=,n-api,n-crt,n-obj,n-cpu,n-cond,n-sch
  IMAGE_URLS+=",https://launchpad.net/cirros/trunk/0.3.0/+download/cirros-0.3.0-x86_64-disk.img"
  # Glance
  ENABLED_SERVICES+=,g-api,g-reg
  # Neutron
  ENABLED_SERVICES+=,q-api,q-svc,q-agt,q-dhcp,q-l3,q-lbaas,q-meta,neutron
  # Cinder
  ENABLED_SERVICES+=,cinder,c-api,c-vol,c-sch
  # Tempest
  ENABLED_SERVICES+=,tempest
  

• Remove Python’s six packge:

  sudo rm -f /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/six.py /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/six.pyc
  # Old version of six package in /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/ crashes
  # quark server

• Install Devstack:

  ./stack.sh
  

• Install aiclib:

  sudo pip install aiclib
  # the reason for sudo here is if you don't you'll get permission denied when it tries to install to /usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist/packages
  

• Install quark:

  cd /opt/stack  #the folder where devstack installed all the services
  git clone https://github.com/rackerlabs/quark
  cd quark
  sudo python setup.py develop
  # the reason for sudo here is if you don't you'll get permission denied when it tries to install to /usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist/packages
  

• Validate quark installed:

  pip freeze | grep quark
  # should see something like:
  # -e git+http://github.com/rackerlabs/quark@ff5b05943b44a44712b9fc352065a414bb2a6bf9#egg=quark-master
  

• Now edit the /etc/neutron/neutron.conf file to setup Quark as the core plugin:

  vim /etc/neutron/neutron.conf
  # Search for line containing 'core_plugin = ' and replace it with
  # 'core_plugin = quark.plugin.Plugin'
  #
  # Search for line containing 'service_plugins = ' and remove
  # 'neutron.services.l3_router.l3_router_plugin.L3RouterPlugin,' from
  # service plugins list
  

• Stop Neutron by going into the screen session and going to the q-svc window and pressing ctrl-C:

  screen -r  # or go into devstack clone and then type ./rejoin-stack.sh
  # press ctrl+6 to go to q-svc window
  ctrl+C
  

• Go back into screen and restart neutron (q-svc window):

  screen -r  stack # or go into folder where you cloned devstack then type ./rejoin-stack.sh
  # if screen command returns 'Cannot open your terminal /dev/pts/0' execute 'sudo chmod o+rwx /dev/pts/0'
  # go to q-svc window (ctrl+a, 7 currently does it)
  # previous command that devstack used to start neutron should be in history, press up arrow key to see it
  

• You shouldn’t receive any errors. To validate Quark has started up, you can scroll up in q-svc screen window (ctrl+a, esc, page-up) and look for the following lines:

  DEBUG neutron.service  core_plugin = quark.plugin.Plugin
  ...
  DEBUG neutron.service  QUARK.default_ipam_strategy=ANY
  DEBUG neutron.service  QUARK.default_net_strategy={}
  DEBUG neutron.service  QUARK.default_network_type=BASE
  DEBUG neutron.service  QUARK.ipam_driver=quark.ipam.QuarkIpam
  DEBUG neutron.service  QUARK.ipam_reuse_after=7200
  DEBUG neutron.service  QUARK.net_driver=quark.drivers.base.BaseDriver
  DEBUG neutron.service  QUARK.strategy_driver=quark.network_strategy.JSONStrategy
  

Сравнение Биткоина и Кварка

Сравнение сходств и различий Биткоина и форка Кварке будет происходить по основным параметрам, которые интересуют майнеров:

• Безопасность. Так как ВТС был криптовалютой-пионером, в его системе безопасности много брешей, и она не справляется с полученной нагрузкой. Для шифрования используется SHA-256, который уже долгое время попадает под экспертную и пользовательскую критику за свою уязвимость. В свою очередь Quark использует усовершенствованную структуру защиты, о которой говорилось в предыдущем разделе. Она состоит из 6 современных алгоритмов, которые продолжают функционировать, даже если из строя выведен один, а также из 9 раундов хэширования. В плане безопасности Биткоин проигрывает Кварку.
• Майнинг. В начале своего пути ВТС был «ходовой» криптовалютой, которую можно было майнить даже на откровенно средних пользовательских устройствах. Однако с ростом рыночной капитализации и популярности, требования к оборудованию и стартовым вложениям начали расти. На данный момент начать добывать «биток» с нуля без крупных капиталов и дорогостоящих GPU-ферм – невозможно. Единственная альтернатива – облачные сервисы, которые взымают серьезные комиссии. В период полного функционирования у системы Quarkcoin требования были гораздо лояльнее. Блоки генерировались в 20 раз быстрее, чем у прямого конкурента, но это, несмотря на пользу для начинающих майнеров, привело проект к провалу. Из-за перемайна за полгода было добыто 247 миллионов единиц, поэтому разработчикам пришлось заложить искусственную инфляцию, чтобы в последующие годы выпускать по 1 миллиону монет. С одной стороны это можно считать плюсом, так как вероятность превратить майнинг Кварка в «гонку вооружений» свелась к нулю, но с другой стороны это привело к обесцениванию валюты и полному упадку существующей системы.
• Скорость. В плане скорости обработки транзакций Биткоин уступает практически всем перспективным проектам. Переводы исполняются в рамках непозволительно долгих сроков – минимум 10 минут и до нескольких часов (а в случае с перегруженностью серверов во время сильных скачков стоимости – до суток). Именно этот фактор отвернул многих пользователей ВТС в сторону других «шустрых» криптовалют. В свою очередь среднее время подтверждения транзакции в сети QRK не превышает отметки в 40 секунд.
• Распределение. По этому параметру Биткоин также уступает Кварку по всем фронтам. Постоянный рост требований и запросов системы к современному оборудованию урезал аудиторию битка до маленькой группы людей, владеющей 85% всех криптовалютных капиталов (большинство из которых являются резидентами азиатских стран). АСИК-оборудование обходится дорого не только на этапе покупки, но и в процессе обслуживания. Минимальные стартовые затраты для начала майнинга превышают отметку в 10 000 долларов США. Quark же в основу идеи заложил доступность добычи для всех, в том числе и для владельцев производительных персональных компьютеров. Это подтверждается рядом факторов: основные «запасы» крипты находятся в руках не ограниченного небольшого круга пользователей, а у тысяч людей со всего мира, а также тем моментом, что большинство монет (247 миллионов) было добыто за короткий промежуток времени – за 6 месяцев. Простота и доступность майнинга снизила рыночную стоимость криптовалюты до рекордно низких отметок.